學(xué)術(shù)海報(bào)：日本大阪市立大學(xué)Makoto Miyata（宮田真人）教授來我校作學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告
應(yīng)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院、江蘇省水生甲殼動(dòng)物病害重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室
時(shí)間：
地點(diǎn)：仙林校區(qū)北區(qū)生命科學(xué)學(xué)院三樓圓形會(huì)議室
題目：A novel motility, Mycoplasma gliding
歡迎全校師生參加。
報(bào)告者簡介：
日本大阪市立大學(xué)理學(xué)研究部生物學(xué)科細(xì)胞機(jī)能研究室Makoto Miyata（宮田真人）教授是國際知名的支原體研究專家，從事肺炎支原體和滑動(dòng)支原體的研究，1997年開始關(guān)注滑動(dòng)支原體Mycoplasma mobile（一種寄生在魚鰓上的病原體）的運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)制，發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種新的細(xì)胞運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)制，并經(jīng)實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)，生物體內(nèi)利用和儲(chǔ)存能量的核心物質(zhì)三磷酸腺苷（ATP）能使已被殺滅的致病支原體“起死回生”。這一結(jié)果首次表明，原核生物可能也以ATP為運(yùn)動(dòng)能源，這篇報(bào)道發(fā)表在2005年PNAS（美國科學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào)）上，并且成為該期的封面文章。文章指出，如果能“切斷”支原體的能源供應(yīng)，就有可能更加安全有效地治療支原體肺炎等疾病。Makoto Miyata教授的研究團(tuán)隊(duì)近年來利用多學(xué)科交叉的研究手段和技術(shù)（包括微生物學(xué)，分子生物學(xué)，生物化學(xué)，生物物理學(xué)，數(shù)學(xué)等）開展滑動(dòng)支原體獨(dú)特運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)制的研究，建立了揭示其運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)制的模型。到目前為止，與傳統(tǒng)運(yùn)動(dòng)馬達(dá)和細(xì)菌鞭毛等運(yùn)動(dòng)機(jī)制相比，支原體的滑動(dòng)機(jī)制闡述得最為清楚，這些成果分別發(fā)表在Journal of Bacteriology、Annual Review of Microbiology、Trends in Microbiolog、Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America（PNAS）、Cell Motility等國際知名期刊和書籍，在國際細(xì)菌和細(xì)胞運(yùn)動(dòng)研究領(lǐng)域有重要的學(xué)術(shù)地位和影響。
l???????? Makoto Miyata教授實(shí)驗(yàn)室網(wǎng)站：http://www.sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp/~miyata/myco1.htm
l???????? Publication list：http://www.sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp/~miyata/achieves/achieve2.htm
??? 江蘇省水生甲殼動(dòng)物病害重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室
學(xué)術(shù)報(bào)告題目和摘要
A novel motility, Mycoplasma gliding
Makoto Miyata
Department of Biology,
Mycoplasma pneumonia, epidemic over the world in this winter is caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae.? Mycoplasma is a group of pathogenic bacteria which form membrane protrusion at a cell pole.? They bind to solid surfaces including animal cells and glass with the protrusion, and glide. ?Although the gliding is fast and smooth, the mechanism is not related to the known bacterial motility systems such as flagella pili, or conventional motor proteins such as myosin.?
We have studied mainly on the fastest species, Mycoplasma mobile, which glides with 4 micron per s, i.e. 6 times of cell length on glass, focusing on the following subjects: (i) Gliding machinery including supporting structure, (ii) Component proteins of machinery, (iii) Measurements of force, wobble and steps, (iv) Direct energy source and its coupling to cycle, and (v) Binding target as the rail on solid surface. Based on these observations, we proposed a working model. The gliding machinery is composed of four huge proteins at the base of membrane protrusion and supported by a cytoskeletal architecture from the cell inside. Many flexible legs about 50 nm long are sticking out from the machinery. The movements generated by ATP hydrolysis inside cell transmits to leg protein through crank protein, resulting in the repeated catching, pulling, and releasing of the sialic acids fixed on the surface by the legs.
研究經(jīng)歷
History
Mycoplasma, a group of pathogenic bacteria is known as a cause of human pneumonia which is epidemic over the world in this winter. Mycoplasmas form a membrane protrusion at a pole and glide on the host cell surface by a unique mechanism.? Although the gliding motility is involved in parasitism, its mechanism had not been studied until 1997.
Prof. Miyata started to study Mycoplasma gliding, mainly focusing on the fastest species, Mycoplasma mobile.? Miyata and his collaborators incorporated many view points to their study, including, microbiology, molecular biology, biochemistry, biophysics, mathematics etc, and then provided a working model to explain the mechanism. Now, Mycoplasma gliding is one of the most well elucidated motility other than conventional motor proteins and bacterial flagella.
References（近幾年發(fā)表的部分論文）
1.??????? Nakane D and Miyata M (2012) Mycoplasma mobile cells elongated by detergent and their pivoting movements in gliding. Journal of Bacteriology. 194, 122
版權(quán)與免責(zé)聲明：本網(wǎng)頁的內(nèi)容由收集互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上公開發(fā)布的信息整理獲得。目的在于傳遞信息及分享，并不意味著贊同其觀點(diǎn)或證實(shí)其真實(shí)性，也不構(gòu)成其他建議。僅提供交流平臺(tái)，不為其版權(quán)負(fù)責(zé)。如涉及侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系我們及時(shí)修改或刪除。郵箱：sales@allpeptide.com